Fig. 3
From: Promoting osteogenesis and bone regeneration employing icariin-loaded nanoplatforms
A Diagram depicting the creation of the PCL-gelatin membrane and its application in a laminectomy model for adhesion prevention. Additionally, a representation highlighting potential modes of inhibiting TGF-β and Smad pathways using ICA, B-D Morphological characterization of ICA-loaded PCL-gelatin membrane, E–G SEM images of membrane surfaces captured at various post-implantation time points. ICA: Icariin, HVPS: high voltage power supply. The black arrows indicate the absorbed margin, and the white arrows indicate the pores. Reprinted with permission from [90]