Figure 1

The schematic illustration of nucleophile drug hydralazine and acrolein to form hydrazone which mediates acrolein toxicity formed during lipid peroxidation. As a highly reactive α, β-unsaturated aldehyde, acrolein readily attacks nucleophilic centers of cell proteins and DNA by Michael addition chemistry. Such intracellular toxicity induced by acrolein causes progressive destructive secondary reactions, disrupting molecular and cellular systems. Scavenging of hydralazine inhibits acrolein-mediated toxicity and deactivates reactive carbonyl adducts via the formation of hydrazone.