Figure 2From: Evolutionary principles and synthetic biology: avoiding a molecular tragedy of the commons with an engineered phageNet fitness effect of a transgene. Hypothetical relationship between cost function (blue, curve labeled C), benefit function (red, B) and their product (green, B*C). If B is saturating but C is not, then the transgenic phage will outgrow the unmodified phage only at low-intermediate levels of gene expression.Back to article page