Figure 4

Graphical representation of the technique used to measure the orientation of the cells growing in the flat control HAp disks. Particular attention was paid to avoid bias orientation due to the meniscus effect due to the media on the well plate wall during cell culture. This was accomplished by measuring the cells from top to bottom and from left to right. When the long axis of the cell nuclei was parallel to the direction of the microchannels the angle was set to 0°. All the cells that were angled to the right were measured anywhere between 0 and 90°, whereas the cells angled to the left were measured with a negative number, 0 to -90°.