Fig. 4

The viability and activity tests for B. anthracis cells on the MWCNT filters with or without nisin, as well as the SEM images of B. anthracis cells on MWCNTs-nisin filters. a A representative image of B. anthracis cells stained with bacterial Live/Dead kit on a non-nisin MWCNTs1 filter; (b) A representative cells image from the Live/Dead cell assay on a MWCNT1 filter with 0.3 mg nisin coating. c Live cell percentages on the filters deposited with different amounts of nisin calculated based on fluorescent images from the Live/Dead cell assay. d A representative image of B. anthracis cells with the CTC and DAPI staining on a MWCNT1 filter without nisin coating; (e) A representative cells image from the CTC and DAPI staining on a MWCNT1 filter with 0.3 mg nisin coating. f Metabolically active cell percentages on the filters deposited with different amounts of nisin calculated based on the fluorescent images from the CTC and DAPI staining test. g and (h) SEM images of B. anthracis cells that were trapped on the MWCNTs1 and MWCNTs2 coated filters, respectively