Fig. 3

The specificity of the AAV-based dual-reporters using transfection protocol. a HEK293 cells were transfected with NF-κB reporters for 24 h. Cells were then switched to low serum medium in the presence or absence of either TNFα (10 ng/mL) or PMA (50 ng/mL) for 24 h. The expression of GFP (images, upper two panels) and Luc activities (the lower graph) are shown. b In a separate set of experiments, cells were transduced with AP-1 reporters for 24 h, followed by the treatment of either TNFα (10 ng/mL) or PMA (50 ng/mL) for additional 24 h. The expression of GFP (images, upper two panels) was recorded. Arrows indicates the GFP-positive cells. The luciferase activities are expressed as relative light units (RLU), normalized against protein input, and presented as fold increase over untreated control (mean ± SD, n = 3). *** P < 0.001, Student t-Test versus controls