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Fig. 2 | Journal of Biological Engineering

Fig. 2

From: Three-dimensional (3D) evaluation of liquid distribution in shake flask using an optical fluorescence technique

Fig. 2

Shifts of the positions of the rotating bulk liquid in a 250-mL shake flask (40-mm radius) for one complete orbital rotation (illustration is not-to-scale). The start point of a clockwise rotation is at the position 1 when the magnet triggers the hall sensor located at the shaker. Centrifugal forces (red arrows) induced by the orbital rotation exert the bulk liquid towards the wall side of the shake flask along the orbital diameter. The leading edge of a bulk liquid (LB) defines the circulating shift around the shake flask’s circumference having 360o circular angle. Tail of a bulk liquid (TB) follows LB circulation in the shake flask. The eye symbol indicates the reference viewing position for the three-dimensional plot as shown in Figs. 4b and 5. a depicts the close-up illustration of the shake flask orientation on angular circular position of liquid detection (θ) [o] and Cartesian coordinates of X and Y axes (+X and –X, +Y and –Y). The positive and negative X and Y orientations will be useful for 3D liquid distribution plots in the subsequent figures

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