Table 3 Desirable features for biomaterials

Biocompatibility

Rejection, Inflammation, Immune responses

3D template

To attach cells and guide growth

High surface area

Initial cell number for plating, Cell and surface interaction, Cell growth and proliferation, and cell ability to access oxygen and nutrients

Degradable

Match the rate of tissue regeneration to maintain tissue functionality

Mechanical stretching

Consistency against to biological forces

Enrichment with growth factors cocktail

Support the cells in synthesizing tissue-specific extracellular matrix components and growth factors required for healthy tissue growth

Stability

To prevent cell cytotoxicity without alteration in physical values

Serve as a barrier

To elicit a barrier between luminal and body cavity

Support the induction of vascular structure

Muscle tissue regeneration in aligned pattern to promote appropriate innervation and vascularization