Fig. 6

Molecular signatures of TGF-β1-induced cardiac fibrosis models using 3D cardiac microtissue. a List of gene set enrichment subsets in TGF-β1 induced cardiac fibrosis model. Enrichment plot of top ranked subset signature by BP (biological process) and hallmarks; extracellular structure organization (BP) and epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) (hallmarks) b List of gene set enrichment subsets in control cardiac microtissue sample. Enrichment plot of top ranked subset; oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid metabolism. Normalized enrichment scores (NESs) were calculated to account for differences in gene set size and correlations between gene sets and the expression dataset. The false discovery rate (FDR) q-value represents the probability of false discovery associations for a given NES. FDR q-value lower than 0.25 was considered significant. c Immunofluorescence staining of mitochondrial-specific marker (TOM20). Nuclei were stained with DAPI (blue). Scale bars, 10 μm