Fig. 2

Microfluidic devices for handling, imaging and perturbing Drosophila. a Cryo-anesthesia presents an alternative to immobilization of larvae by physical restraint. The cryo-anesthesia device can support long-term observation while not affecting normal larval physiology. Figure modified with permission from [57]. b The REM-Chip is a device that precisely controls mechanical perturbation on Drosophila wing discs and couples chemical with mechanical perturbations. The device can be extended to integrate additional modalities, such as the application of electric fields. Figure modified with permission from [77]. c The automated microinjector allows more precise injection of genetic construct or drugs into the embryo in terms of location (5 μm resolution) and volume (as small as 30 pL) than existing microinjectors. Figure modified with permission from [61]. d The embryo-trap array rapidly orders and orients hundreds of Drosophila embryos in a high-throughput manner, permitting systematic study of dorsoventral development of the embryo. It enables parallel imaging of dorsoventral plane in hundreds of embryos. Figure modified with permission from [67]