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Table 2 Repeated operations of free and immobilized cells on penicillin G biodegradation

From: Biodegradation of penicillin G from industrial bacteria residue by immobilized cells of Paracoccus sp. KDSPL-02 through continuous expanded bed adsorption bioreactor

Matrix

Initial penicillin G (gā€‰Lāˆ’1)

Degradation rate (%)

Degradation time (h)

No. of cycles

Immobilized

1.0

100

4

24

1.5

100

5

24

2.0

100

6

20

2.5

90

10

20

3.0

79

20

18

Free

1.0

100

12

10

1.5

100

15

10

2.0

95

20

8

2.5

88

24

6

3.0

80

30

6