Fig. 2From: Tubular bile duct structure mimicking bile duct morphogenesis for prospective in vitro liver metabolite recoveryCharacteristics of tubular bile duct structure established in triple co-culture in ≤ 23 days. a Tubular bile duct structure in triple co-culture expressing significant levels of the bile duct markers Sox9, Cftr, and Sctr. (β-actin was used as the housekeeping gene, n = 5; three independent experiments; values are the means ± SD; *P < 0.05). b Differentiation stages in cyst and tubular bile duct structure. White arrows emphasize the shape. Stages were validated by immunostaining with SOX9 and CFTR at ≤ 17 days. c Immunofluorescence shows the 17 day tubular bile duct slightly expressing VIM and resembling fine ZO1 tight junctionsBack to article page