Fig. 3

In vitro ≤ 23 day triple co-culture, tubular bile duct structure polarity and transporter activity. aAqp1 and Ae2 were significantly upregulated in the tubular structure whereas Mrp3 expression did not significantly change (β-actin was used as the housekeeping gene, n = 5; three independent experiments; values are means ± SD. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01). b AE2 was abundantly distributed on the apical site. c Rhodamine 123 accumulated in the lumen of the tubular structure. Verapamil blocked MDR1 transporter activity and attenuated green fluorescence in the lumen