Fig. 1

Methodology of surgical process and measurements. A. Clinical photographs representing the general surgical process of filling the grafting materials (DBBM; DBBM+i-PRF; GNPs and GNPs+i-PRF) into the sockets. The pre-determined teeth were hemisected and extracted (a). Subsequently, the grafting material (DBBM) was filled into the extracted sockets and a collagen membrane was covered on the top (b). In the end, tension-free wound closure was made to seal the socket (c); B. schematic diagram of the measurements of bone width (a) and bone height (b)