Table 4 Some in vivo studies in the field of BCBM
From: Breast cancer brain metastasis: from etiology to state-of-the-art modeling
Model | Cell line/animal | Outcome | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|
BCBM model | MA11/athymic nude mice | Brain metastasis occurred 65Â days after injection of MA1 I in the left ventricle of mice. Serum MUC1 levels produced by MA1 I cells are associated with brain metastasis. This model is useful for investigating the preferential mechanisms for metastases. This modeling did not cause bone, liver, kidney, spleen, and heart metastases | [60] |
BCBM model | MDA-MB-231BR or MDA-231P / nude mice | MDA-231BR was metastases exclusively in the brain and did not cause bone metastases MDA-231P metastasized to the brain, bone, adrenal glands, and ovaries Provide a useful model for identifying new genes or molecules responsible for metastasis | [61] |
BCBM model | MDA-MB-231 BR1, -BR2 and -BR3 / nude mice | Increased VEGF-A is a feature of brain metastatic cells Mice injected with metastasis-selected cells had a shorter mean survival than mice injected with the main cell line The VEGF-receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor reduces brain metastases | [64] |
BCBM model | JIMT-1-BR3/ NRC nu/nu mice | Temozolomide significantly prevented brain metastasis | [67] |
BBB and BCBM model | CN34-BrM2/ nude mice | EGFR and COX2 ligands are involved in brain and pulmonary metastases ST6GALNAC5 mediates brain metastasis exclusively, and its expression in BCCs increases their adhesion to brain endothelial cells and their passage through the BBB | [65] |
BBB and BCBM model | SUM190-BR3/ Athymic NIH nu/nu mice | Targeting pericytes, Desmin, and α2 laminin are effective on BBB permeability and thus increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy | [80] |
BCBM model | SKBrM3 + / nude mice | Cabozantinib and neratinib inhibited cell proliferation and migration; and inhibited tumor growth and brain metastasis This model is a valuable tool for drug screening of brain metastases | [83] |