Fig. 3
a Equivalent electric circuit for an epithelial cellular layer. b Model with lumped apical and basolateral elements. c Lumped model including only transepithelial electric resistance (TEER) and cell layer capacitance (Ccl). d–e Representative impedance spectra across a cell layer; data was simulated with Rs equal to 1 kΩ, d TEER values ranging 1–1000 Ω, and e Ccl values ranging 0.1–10 μF. Rp, paracellular resistance; Rs, resistance of the solution; Ra, apical resistance; Rb, basolateral resistance; Ca, apical capacitance; Cb, basolateral capacitance; Rt, transcellular resistance