Fig. 2
From: Cell surface engineering and application in cell delivery to heart diseases
Schematic representation of surface-engineered MSCs for cardiac regeneration. Ex vivo cultured and expanded MSCs were surface engineered through hydrophobic insertion to incorporate rCXCR4 on their membrane. Hydrophobic insertion generated homogeneous MSCs modified with hydrophobized rCXCR4 within a short time. Systemically infused rCXCR4-modified MSCs can migrate to the ischemic myocardium by taking advantage of SDF-1 concentration gradient. Abbreviations: MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells; PEG: Poly(ethylene glycol); rCXCR4: Recombinant CXC chemokine receptor 4; SDF-1: Stromal-derived factor-1