Fig. 2
Wall shear stress (WSS) during perfusion with cell medium and whole blood. To calculate the WSS exerted on the vascular graft with each flow rate, a vessel with a diameter of 6 mm and a length of 60 mm was simulated. During dynamic cultivation with cell medium we applied sub-physiological WSS values of minimum 0.0033 dynes/cm2 and maximum of 0.033 dynes/cm2 for the 10-day culture and 0.044 dynes/cm2 for the 14-day culture, as depicted by the gradually increasing line. However, we adjusted the WSS to a physiological venous WSS of 0.6 dynes/cm2 during whole blood perfusion, as depicted by the dot