Fig. 13

Fd-MC based on RPA for the rapid detection of tuberculosis (TB). a Overview of the Fd-MC capable of performing diverse functions, including DNA solid-phase extraction (SPE), RPA amplification, and multiplexed detection. b SPE unit was pre-filled with silica particles to capture the DNA of the pathogens in the sample. c DNA molecules of TB-family pathogens were adsorbed by the silica beads through a cationic salt bridge. d Fluorescence signal of the RPA amplicon was emitted by a hand-held blue lamp at an excitation wavelength of 480 nm for visual diagnosis. e Mechanism of fluorescence generation in the presence of the target DNA. f Operation steps for TB detection, from sample injection, DNA extraction to the final RPA amplification [64]